The role will involve both front-end and back-end development. A post job with requirements below:
Essential:
- Excellent command of English - you will work with English-speaking colleagues daily.
- 5 or more years’ experience as a Full-Stack PHP Web Developer.
- HTML, CSS, and JavaScript: Proficient in writing clean, semantic HTML, modular CSS (preferably with a preprocessor like SASS), and modern JavaScript.
- PHP: Solid understanding and practical experience with PHP, including working with MVC frameworks (e.g., Laravel and/or Zend).
- Frameworks and Libraries: Strong experience with front-end frameworks/libraries such as Vue.js, jQuery and Bootstrap.
- Experience with relational databases (e.g., MySQL, Microsoft SQL)
- Experience with RESTful APIs and web services.
- Version Control: Proficient in using Git for version control and collaboration.
- Responsive Design: Experience with responsive and adaptive design principles, ensuring cross-browser compatibility and mobile-friendly interfaces.
Desirable:
- Build Tools: Experience with build tools and task runners such as Grunt.
- Performance Optimization: Knowledge of techniques for optimizing web performance (e.g., lazy loading, minimizing render-blocking resources).
- SEO Best Practices: Understanding of SEO principles and how to implement them in front-end development.
- Agile Methodologies: Experience working in Agile/Scrum environments.
- Docker: Experience with containerization using Docker to ensure applications run consistently across different environments
1. HTML, CSS, and JavaScript
Q1: Can you explain the importance of semantic HTML and provide an example?
A1: Semantic HTML provides meaning to the web page structure, enhancing accessibility and SEO. For example, using <article>, <section>, and <nav> tags instead of generic <div> tags makes the content more understandable for screen readers and search engines.
Q2: How do you approach writing modular CSS, and what advantages does SASS offer?
A2: Modular CSS involves writing reusable and maintainable styles. Using SASS, we can create variables, nested rules, and mixins, which make the CSS more organized and easier to manage. For instance, variables allow consistent theming across the site.
Q3: What is an Iframe in HTML?
The <iframe> HTML element represents a nested browsing context, embedding another HTML page into the current one.
<iframe src="url" title="description"></iframe>
Q4: What is CSS Flexbox?
- Layout method for arranging items in rows or columns
- translate(120px, 50%);
- rotate()
- scale()
- skewX()
- skewY()
- matrix()
2. PHP
Q4: What is MVC in PHP, and how have you applied it in your projects?
A4: MVC stands for Model-View-Controller, a design pattern that separates the application logic into three interconnected components. I've used Laravel, an MVC framework, to build scalable applications by separating concerns, which makes the codebase easier to manage and test.
Q5: Can you describe a project where you used Laravel or Zend?
A5: In a recent project, I used Laravel to develop an e-commerce platform. Laravel's Eloquent ORM simplified database interactions, while its blade templating engine provided a clean way to build the user interface.
Example
const add = (function () {
let counter = 0;
return function () {counter += 1; return counter}
})();
add(); // Output: 1
add(); // Output:
add(); // Output: 33. Frameworks and Libraries
Q6: How have you used Vue.js in your projects?
A6: I used Vue.js to build a real-time chat application. Vue's reactivity and component-based architecture allowed us to create a highly interactive and responsive user interface.
Q7: What role has jQuery played in your development work, and how do you balance its use with modern JavaScript frameworks?
A7: jQuery simplifies DOM manipulation and event handling, which is useful for legacy projects. However, for new projects, I prefer using modern frameworks like Vue.js or React due to their component-based architecture and state management capabilities.
4. Relational Databases
Q8: How do you ensure efficient database design in MySQL?
A8: I focus on normalization to reduce redundancy and ensure data integrity. Additionally, I use indexing, query optimization, and proper use of foreign keys to enhance performance. => More e.g
Q9: Describe your experience with SQL and working with complex queries.
A9: I've written complex SQL queries involving joins, subqueries, and indexing to handle reporting and data analysis tasks. For example, I optimized a query that fetched user activity data by indexing frequently queried columns, reducing execution time significantly.
5. RESTful APIs and Web Services
Q1: How do you design and consume RESTful APIs?
A1: I design RESTful APIs using best practices like proper use of HTTP methods, statelessness, and resource naming conventions. Consuming APIs involves using tools like Axios in Vue.js or cURL in PHP (Laravel is supported by HTTP request/response) to handle requests and process responses.
Q2: Can you provide an example of a RESTful API project you've worked on?
A2: I developed a RESTful API for a mobile application backend. It involved user authentication, CRUD operations for user data, and integration with third-party services like payment gateways.
Q3: What is a REST API?
REST stands for Representational State Transfer, API is an application programming interface -> separate applications to interact and share data. RESTful web services that follow the REST architecture. Standard HTTP methods like GET, POST, PUT, DELETE, HEAD, OPTIONS.
Q4: Differentiate POST and PUT methods?
Q4: Common HTTP response status codes in REST API?
2xx: Success
- 200 OK: The request was successful and the server returned the requested data.
- 201 Created: The request was successful and a new resource was created as a result.
- 202 Accepted: The request has been accepted for processing, but the processing is not complete.
- 204 No Content: The server successfully processed the request and is not returning any content.
3xx: Redirection
- 301 Moved Permanently: The resource has been permanently moved to a new URL.
- 302 Found: The resource is temporarily located at a different URL.
- 304 Not Modified: The resource has not been modified since the last request
4xx: Client Errors- 400 Bad Request: The server could not understand the request due to invalid syntax.
- 401 Unauthorized: The client must authenticate itself to get the requested response.
- 403 Forbidden: The client does not have access rights to the content.
- 404 Not Found: The server cannot find the requested resource.
- 405 Method Not Allowed: The request method is known by the server but is not supported by the target resource.
- 409 Conflict: The request could not be processed because of conflict in the request, such as an edit conflict between multiple updates.
- 422 Unprocessable Entity: The request was well-formed but could not be followed due to semantic errors.
- 400 Bad Request: The server could not understand the request due to invalid syntax.
- 401 Unauthorized: The client must authenticate itself to get the requested response.
- 403 Forbidden: The client does not have access rights to the content.
- 404 Not Found: The server cannot find the requested resource.
- 405 Method Not Allowed: The request method is known by the server but is not supported by the target resource.
- 409 Conflict: The request could not be processed because of conflict in the request, such as an edit conflict between multiple updates.
- 422 Unprocessable Entity: The request was well-formed but could not be followed due to semantic errors.
6. Version Control
Q12: How do you use Git for version control in your projects?
Q13: Can you describe a situation where you resolved a complex merge conflict in Git?
A13: During a major release, two feature branches had conflicting changes. I resolved it by thoroughly reviewing both branches, understanding the changes, and manually merging the conflicting parts to ensure both features worked seamlessly together.
7. Responsive Design
Q14: How do you ensure your web applications are responsive and cross-browser compatible?
A14: I use responsive design principles, including flexible grid layouts, media queries, and responsive images. Testing on multiple devices and browsers ensures compatibility. Frameworks like Bootstrap, and Tailwindcss help in quickly building responsive interfaces.
8. Build Tools
Q16: How have you utilized Grunt in your development workflow?
A16: I use Grunt to automate tasks like minification, compilation of SASS to CSS, and linting JavaScript files. E.g: compressing images, concatenating and minifying CSS/JS files, and running unit tests before deploying to the staging server.
9. Performance Optimization
Q18: What techniques do you use to optimize web performance?
A18: Techniques include lazy loading images, minimizing render-blocking resources, using CDNs, optimizing code with minification and compression, and leveraging browser caching. Tools like SEO Google Search Console/ PageSpeed Insights, and GTmetrix, help identify and fix performance issues.
10. SEO Best Practices
A20: I ensure semantic HTML, use proper metatags, optimize images, and implement structured data. Additionally, I focus on mobile-friendly design and fast load times, as these are crucial for search engine rankings. For instance:
- SEO by using semantic HTML5 tags such as <header>, <nav>, <main>, <article>, and <footer>
- Using <h1>, <h2> to <h6> for subheadings for the main title of the page.
alt` attributes, utilize modern image formats like WebP, and responsive images using the `srcset` attribute to serve the right image size for different devices.<img src="strawberry-ice-cream.jpg.jpg" alt="Strawberry IceCream"/>
11. Agile Methodologies
Q22: How have you applied Agile methodologies in your projects?
A22: I have participated in SCRUM such as daily stand-ups, sprint planning, and retrospectives. Using tools like JIRA, and Trello I track tasks and collaborate with the team to ensure timely delivery and continuous improvement.
Q23: Can you give an example of a challenge you faced in an Agile project and how you overcame it?
A23: In a previous project, we faced scope creep due to changing client requirements. We addressed it by prioritizing tasks in the backlog, ensuring the most critical features were delivered first, and improving communication with the client to manage expectations.
12. Docker
Q24: How have you used Docker in your development workflow?
A24: Docker ensures consistency across different environments by containerizing applications. I use Docker for local development, setting up isolated environments for different projects, and deploying applications to production with Docker Compose and Docker Swarm.
Q25: Provide an example of how Docker solved a problem in one of your projects.
A25: In a project with multiple microservices, Docker simplified the setup by containerizing each service. This eliminated issues related to environment inconsistencies, making development and deployment more efficient and reliable.
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