Several network protocols are essential for communication between devices and systems. Here are some widely used ones:
1. Hypertext Transfer Protocol (HTTP) / HTTPS: HTTP is used for transferring web pages and related files on the World Wide Web. HTTPS is a secure version of HTTP that encrypts data between the browser and the server using SSL/TLS protocols.
2. HTTP/3HTTP/3 is the next major revision of the HTTP. It runs on QUIC, a new transport protocol designed for mobile-heavy internet usage. It relies on UDP instead of TCP, which enables faster web page responsiveness. VR applications demand more bandwidth to render intricate details of a virtual scene and will likely benefit from migrating to HTTP/3 powered by QUIC.
4. WebSocket
WebSocket is a protocol that provides full-duplex communications over TCP. Clients establish WebSockets to receive real-time updates from the back-end services. Unlike REST, which always “pulls” data, WebSocket enables data to be “pushed”. Applications, like online gaming, stock trading, and messaging apps leverage WebSocket for real-time communication.
WebSocket is a protocol that provides full-duplex communications over TCP. Clients establish WebSockets to receive real-time updates from the back-end services. Unlike REST, which always “pulls” data, WebSocket enables data to be “pushed”. Applications, like online gaming, stock trading, and messaging apps leverage WebSocket for real-time communication.
5. Transmission Control Protocol (TCP) / Internet Protocol (IP): TCP/IP is the foundation of the internet. TCP ensures reliable data transmission by breaking data into packets and reassembling them at the destination. IP handles addressing and routing of these packets across networks.
6. UDP (User Datagram Protocol)
UDP sends packets directly to a target computer, without establishing a connection first. UDP is commonly used in time-sensitive communications where occasionally dropping packets is better than waiting. Voice and video traffic are often sent using this protocol.7. Simple Mail Transfer Protocol (SMTP) / Post Office Protocol (POP) / Internet Message Access Protocol (IMAP): SMTP is used for sending emails, while POP and IMAP are used by email clients to retrieve emails from a server. IMAP maintains emails on the server, while POP typically downloads them to the client.
8. File Transfer Protocol (FTP) / Secure FTP (SFTP) / Secure Shell (SSH): FTP is used to transfer files between a client and a server on a computer network. SFTP is an extension that adds security by using SSH for data transfer.
Other Network Protocols you should know:
9. Domain Name System (DNS): DNS translates domain names (e.g., example.com) into IP addresses, enabling users to access websites using human-readable names instead of IP addresses.
10. Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol (DHCP): DHCP dynamically assigns IP addresses and other network configuration parameters to devices on a network, simplifying network administration.
11. Simple Network Management Protocol (SNMP): Used for managing and monitoring network devices like routers, switches, and servers. It collects and organizes information about devices on the network.
12. Internet Control Message Protocol (ICMP): Primarily used for diagnostic functions and reporting errors. Ping is an example of a tool that uses ICMP to check connectivity between devices.
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